Japanese Koi Fish

Description

Japanese Koi fish (鯉, Nishikigoi – “brocaded carp”) are ornamental varieties of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) that are highly prized for their vibrant colors and striking patterns. They are symbols of perseverance, strength, and good fortune in Japanese culture.

Physical Characteristics:

• Size: Typically 24–36 inches (60–90 cm), though some can grow over 3 feet (1 meter).
• Body Shape: Streamlined, muscular, with long dorsal fins and flowing tail fins.
• Scales: Can be either scaled (Wagoi) or scaleless (Doitsu – German carp hybrid).
• Lifespan: 25–35 years, but some live over 50 years with proper care.

Colors & Patterns:

Koi come in a dazzling array of colors, including:

• White (Shiro)
• Red (Hi)
• Black (Sumi)
• Yellow (Ki)
• Blue (Ai)
• Metallic (Ogon, Platinum, Yamabuki)

Popular pattern types include:

1. Kohaku – White body with red markings.
2. Taisho Sanke – White with red and black spots.
3. Showa Sanshoku – Black with red and white markings.
4. Asagi – Blue-gray with red-orange underside.
5. Ogon – Solid metallic gold or silver.
6. Butterfly Koi – Long, flowing fins (developed in the U.S.).

Symbolism & Cultural Significance:

• Perseverance & Success – Inspired by the legend of koi swimming upstream and transforming into dragons.
• Love & Friendship – Often given as gifts.
• Wealth & Prosperity – Popular in business and Feng Shui.

Habitat & Care:

• Ponds: Require clean, well-oxygenated water (minimum 1,000 gallons for adults).
• Diet: Omnivorous (pellets, vegetables, insects).
• Temperature: Thrive in 59–77°F (15–25°C); can survive cold winters by hibernating.

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